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IRAC Rock 'n Rules
Much of legal practice requires mastering technique, procedure, and use of authority. The methodology used by law schools to inculcate a disciplined logical analysis and presentation of case issues and relevant law is the IRAC Method. It is especially used on law school exams.
IRAC is an acronym that stands for Issue, Rule, Analysis and Conclusion. The IRAC treatment of a problem usually begins with a hypothetical set of facts. The student must identify all of the legal issues raised by the hypothetical fact pattern. In order to do this, the student must have a facile grasp of a pantheon of legal rules, knowing their elements, terms and conditions. Many students find this a daunting task and rely on a Study Group to help them categorize and assimilate legal rules. With the right arsenal of legal rules at her disposal, the student can decipher which facts in the hypothetical raise issues the law addresses.
Once the student identifies the issues and armed with the legal rules, she must analyze each issue by testing the facts forming the issue against the rule that applies. The analysis section forms the core of the response to the hypothetical presented. In the analysis phase the student breaks down each rule into its elements, terms, conditions and exceptions and applies them to the facts. In the analysis, the student dissects the rule into its component parts and one by one applies each part to the relevant facts. After each application the student makes an assessment of the extent to which the facts comprising the issue meet the requirements of the legal rules being applied.
After spotting the issue, testing and analyzing the issue, the student must derive a conclusion, a result from the test. The conclusion is basically a summary of why or how the facts either do or do not support a particular legal claim.